Also pronounced as Rozgan or Uruzganis, the province of Uruzgan is among 34 provinces, which is located in central Afghanistan.
Uruzgan is surrounded by Daikundi, Zabul, Helmand and Ghazni provinces. Considered as a central province, Kandahar and Zabul are located to its south, Helmand to the southwest, Daikundi in the north while Ghazni is situated to its east.
Tarinkot is its capital whiel Dihrawood, Chora, Ghizab, Charchino, Uruzgan are its districts. In recent past, two new districts were created but they are yet to be officially recognized. Uruzgan is one of the neglected and backward provinces in terms of education, health facilities and infrastracture. The province has 12, 500 square kilometers area with 72% is mountainous while 21% is plain. According to the 2011 census, the population of the province reaches to 382,000 individuals.
The main tribe in the province is Pashtun while its sub tribes include Popalzi, Achakzai, Noorzai, Barakzai, Alkozai and Durrani. In addition, Hazara and Kochi tribes live in Uruzgan province.
Background:
Earlier, Uruzgan was part of Arakozi region and before BC, it was ruled by Alexender the Great. However, with the passage of time, Ashoka enjoyed to rule this region.
Back in 7th century when Arab visited Afghanistan to spread Islam, they initially discovered Zambeelan. In 9th century, they found Ghaznawis, Ghauris, and Mongols that ruled this region.
Ahmad Shah Abdali took over control of Afghanistan back in 17th century, Uruzgan was the first province, which was amalgamated in his empire.  
During the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the people of the province led by Jan Mohammad Khan offered stout resistance during Jihad against soviets.
In 1994, Uruzgan fell to Taliban but again the Islamists were drive out of power in 2011 and incumbent President, Hamid Karzi came to Kabul with his associates to assume powers. Karzai stayed briefly in Uruzgan before arriving to Kabul.
Education:
Uruzgan has low literacy rate as compared to other provinces. A few numbers of boys and girls go to school. However, the health sector has some sort of development but overall, the province is still backward. The health sector still needs major improvement.
Uruzgan has a faculty of education, pedagogical institute, two Dar-u-Ulum, 48 high, 40 intermediate and 158 primary schools. In addition, 35 literacy centers function in the province.
Historical sites:
Historical sites in the capital of Uruzgan and Dihrawud districts attract a large number of tourists because of its antiquity. Experts say more research and exploration are needed to explore its past features.
The geography of the province tells the story of political, economic and strategic importance it had in the past.
In addition to that the Yaftali and later the Zabuli kingdoms existed in the current Zabul province, west of Urzgan.
Many historians with special reference Islamic historians mentioned the name of Uruzgan in their work.
Zabul undergon serveral wars, invasions, and resistance while the Ratbilis had occurred in this region as the history books menioned all the events.
Many historical sites went unnoticed by the concerned research authorities in Dihrawud district of the province.
Among contemporary researchers, Alama Habibi is one of the names who has written extensivly on Uruzgan and its historical background. Habibi research work has helped the province to maintain its historical importance.
Celebrities:
Mula Mohammad Umar, Wakeel Abdul Ghafoor khan Kakar, Dellawar Khan, Mohammad Sharif Khan Mohajir, Haji Mohammad Khan, Bilad Khan, Haji Khudaydad Khan, Abdul Rahim Khan, Gulam Mohammad Khan, Dad Mohammad Khan Kharotai, Shazad Khan and Abdul Ghani Khan Achakzai are among the known celebrities of Uruzgan province.
Media:
National Radio, Paywastoon Ghag Radio and local Radios serves wide population in Uruzgan province. Other media outlets such as Nawa Radio, Saba Television, BBC and Azadi Radio air their programs from the signals capital.
Agriculture:
At least 98% population of the province is agrarians while wheat, corn, rice, cumin, watermelon opium are among the agricultural that are being cultiated in the province.
In addition, Uruzgan produces fruits in large number inlcuding almond, apricot, walnut, raspberries and other nuts.
Almonds of the province are being exported to other parts of the country and abroad for the first time during the last few months.
Culture:
Cultural activities in Uruzgan getting momentum. People of the province settle their internal disputes through local Jirga. The people of the province traditionally wear long traditional Shilwar Qameez with black turban on their head and grow their beards.
It is known a respected way as per the tradition of the people of the province that youngesters kisses the hands of elders and maintain silence in front of elders.
In recent past, education witnesses progress in the province with people demonstrate keen interests to send their children to schools. Poetry related functions are being held in the province. The province recently hosted a Suliman Takhat Poetry session in the province. Civil societies and cultural activities get momentum in the province.
Industry and Mines:
People of Uruzgan are mainly associated with the handcraft industry, which is being exporeted to other prvoinces. Official industry doesn’t exist in the province, however women of the province weaves clothes, carpets, and blankets etc.
Dams:
Uruzgan province has small dams such as Agha Jan, Mani Ghar, and Maylazo Dams. It merits mention that the aforementione dams do not generate electricity but help irrigate vast lands.
Sports:
Demand for traditional sports is high among the people of the province. Sports such as volleyball, football, basketball, and other games are famous among the youth of the province. In addition, taekwondo and karta are among known sports in the province. Similarly, cricket has fans in the province.