Ghazni is one of the most important and central provinces of Afghanistan. The province is second grade based on the statistics of Central Statistic Office (CSO) of Afghanistan for the density of population; the province has long and rich history. Ghazni is located in 33 degree, 33 min of north latitude and in 68 degree, 25 min of the east longitude.
Ghazni city is located 145 km south from Kabul city on Kabul-Kandahar highway. Maidan Wardak and Bamyan provinces are in the north of the province while Paktia, Paktyka and Logar provinces are in the east, Zabul is in the south while Urozgan and Zabul provinces are  bordering the province in the west.
The province total land is 32797 km square and in accordance of the 1978 census the total population was 701000 persons, and in 1999 census the population was 770684 and in the survey of 2000 the population was 965572 people.
The winter is cold in Ghazni while summer is warm, the lowest degree in the winter goes under minus 20 to 30, The Nawar area is the coldest area in which the temperature does not get over +20 degree.
188 days in the year, the weather is warm, while from October 12 to April 18 the temperature is cold and rainy. The average annual rain is 2296 mm and the province is located 1800 meter from sea.
Districts:
The province has been distributed to eighteen districts which are:
Ghazni capital, Andar, Muqur, Qara Bagh, Gilan, Waghiz, Giro, Deh Yak, Nawar, Jaghori, Malistan, Rashidan, Ab Band, Khugiani, Nawa, Jaghato, Zankhan, Ajeristan and Khwaja Omari
The residents of the province consist three big tribes including Pashtuns, Tajik and Hazara. There are several small other tribes such as Bayat, Sadat and Sikh and the majority of the residents are Pashtun.
Water Dame:
Ghazni province has four water dames:
Abe Estada, Sultan dame, Sardeh dame, Zanakhan dame, Zarsang dame.
The dames are in various districts of the provinces, despite the fact that the water has reduced in recent years due to drought, however the farmers utilize the water and irrigate huge land of the province.
Culture:
The cultural trend and efforts started in Ghazni province in 1950 by the inauguration of Sanayee weekly. In the past Ghazni was the center of culture and academician during the various histories, During king Mahmood Ghaznawi, thousands poets, academicians and writers such as Sanayee Ghaznawee, Sayed Hassan Ghaznawee, Masoud Saad Sulaiman, Farukhi Systani, Ferdwasi Tusi, Ansuri Balkhi, Masjidi Marozi, Manshuri Samarqandi, Kasae Marozi, GHazarii Razii, Abu Raihan Al bironi and others gathered from various parts of the world to Ghazni city.
There are many cultural association in Ghaznni provinces such as Sanayee association, which was established in 1969 by Niaz Mohammad Khusha with support of many other cultural activists, Lawang association, Culture association, Al bironi, Pasarlay, Qara Bagh, Ershad, Zamzama, Ghznae Bastan social, national unity solidarity association and Jamal a political association and others were established during the course of years.
Each of these association has periodic meeting and provide opportunities to poets and writers to print and publish their books, however in recent times the department of culture and information carried out several cultural meetings which has expanded the process of cultural activities in the province. 
 After the establishment of the new government in 2001, in addition to the activation of education and information and culture department libraries, 25 books stores which are related to private and public sectors such as universities are in service for the readers.
In addition there are several training courses and academic institutes which provide skills and education to hundreds of youths in districts and the capital.
Even though with the folk music has been ignored and forgotten with the modern technology, in recent days there is a U-turn to the folk music in the province, Attan (national Dance) is very common in Ghazni province and people do Attan in various ceremonies.
Historical monuments:
Ghazni has 1500 years old history and there is a history of Ghazni which goes back to pre- Islamic era. There are various famous monuments in Ghazni province, but due to lack of any attention most of the monuments are under the threat of destruction.
For example, the former castle of old Ghazni city, which was the palace of king Mahmood Ghaznawee is a historic site. The castle has over 40 defending trenches and is said that hundreds of years back there was a market of jewelry which was demolished due to wars and all jewelry had been lost. In the old city of Ghazni so few people currently live.
Some of the defending trenches of the old city has already destroyed and others are in the brink of destruction.
There are about 300 historical monuments and cemetery in Ghazni city and in last ten years only 30 of those have been renovated.
We will just name a few of those historical monuments of the province:
 Sanayee grave,  Shams Baba, Hassan Ghaznawee,  Shamir Palizwan, Sultan Mahmood, Khwaja Bulghar, Khwaja Ali, Sultan Shahabudin Ghori, Mula Nuh Baba, Minaret of Sultan Mahmood and thousands of such others historical monuments and graves.
There are graves and shrines of several academicians, spirituals, writers and poets whose graves are in Ghazni provinces the famous of whom are Babajee, Arbaba Sahib, Hazrat Shams, Abu Raihan Al Bironi, Sakhi Sahib, Shaikh Ajal, Khwaja Baqal, Sultan Ebrahim, Bahlol, Sayed Hassan Ghaznwaee, Sultan Mahmood Ghaznawee, Khwaja Bulghar, Khwaja Malakyar, Shaikh Atar, Shah Kabuil, Ali Lala, Sikandar Wali, Shaikh Abdul Salam, Pir Shatarha, Sultan massoud, Sultan Sabaktagin, Khwaja Roshnaee, Sayed Ahamad Makaee, Shaikh Wardaki, Khwaja Ali, Khwaja Laikhwar, Bargat Abdulahmad Khan, Shah Agha, Sayed Jalal Agha, Abubakar Ahmad bin Hussain,  Ali Baba, Mir Sayed Ali Akbar and others.
Museum:
The Ghazni Museum was considered as the most enriched museum in the country, but in the decades of the wars most of the monuments have been either sent to Kabul or looted, however some of the lost items have been sent back to Ghanzi, but still many of the items are either lost or smuggled to other countries.
Ghazni is a monument enriched province, in which much should have been done in recent years, but the central government did not do anything in regard to preserving the historical monuments.
Ghazni had a museum which was related to the department of information and culture and there were pre-islam era items, but it has not been opened for public for last several years.
Also, there are two other museums which were established by the governor office at the office compound and the other by the department of information and culture at the department office.
The museum created in the province has hundreds of historic items and the museum of information and culture department has 130 items.
Many of the items were taken back from Kabul and some are those which were ignored in the province. The items brought from Kabul were also related to Ghazni province.
In the Ghazni museum which is closed for public has most of the items which are related to pre- Islam.
There are many areas in Ghazni province which has historic monuments. There are areas are in the provincial capital as well as districts such as Nawar, Andar and Jaghori. The survey of some other areas are underway and will be identified after the completion of the surveys.
Celebrity:
The Ghazni province has historical and important social individuals which are considered important and academic personalities.
It is difficult to name all the celebrities of the province in this report, however some of the well-known are: Bargad, Abdul Ahmad, Mula Mushk Alal, Sahib Khan Ghazi, General Mir Ahmad Mawlae, Amir Mohammad Asir, Dr. Mohibi, Abdul Ahad Momand, Majidi Khan, Mohammad Hashim Maiwandiwal, Noor Mohammad Taraki, Nasrullah Khan Malakyar, Humira Malakyar, Qari Baba, Mawlavi Amir Mohammad known as Sulaimanzai’s Haji Sahib, Abdul Aziz Akhundzada known as Akhunzada, Mawlavi Abdul Raziq known as baloch Mullah Sahib, Abdul Wahid Surabi, Habiba Surabi, Dr. Sima Samar, Shaikh Wahidi, Sharifi Jaghori.
Media
The media has developed in Ghazni province since long back and current there are 43 government and non government print and electronic media outlets.
For the first time during King Mohammad Zahir, 1950, the Sanayee weekly was published and has publication so far. In 1987 the Afghanistan Radio/Television started working, but with the government of Karzai, in addition to the national TV and Sanayee weekly, many other independent news outlets started working:
Print Media: Sanayee, Zamzama, Arus ul Bilad, Pukhla, Marsala, Paiwand, Lawang, Kando, Zhamana, Pasarlai and others. In recent days another magazine named Ghazna 2013 has started published.
At the beginning of Mr. Karzai government, only few government media outlets were active, but fortunately there has been huge development.
TVs: Nationa and the Ghaznawyan TV, in addition Shamshad, Tolo and Arian TV channels can be watched in the province.
Radios:  Dehkada, Ghaznawyan, Umid Jawan, Watandar, Sadat, Marifat, Hamdard, and some other fm radios in some districts such as Jaghori, Malistan, Andro, Gilan, Giro and Qarabagh have broadcasting, also Arman FM, Arian, Azadi, BBC, Bayan and Ashna radio has coverage in the province.
Education:
In the past Ghazni province was leading in education compare to many other provinces, however in recent decades of war several educational years have been lost and many children were unable to attend schools because of the closures of schools.
In Ghazni province there are 635 schools including the Pedagogy and has 4747 teachers and has 245986 students including 45 per cent female students.
In 2008, Ghazni university was established and so far, it has four departments including education, Sharia law, economy and agriculture where 1500 students including 200 female are enrolled.
Industry:
In addition to clay and leather industry and other metal industries are available in the province.
The weaving of wool is a culture among residents of Jaghato, Nahwar, Malistan and Qarabagh districts. Many women in these districts learnt weaving wools and make a living with its revenue, in addition the women in Pashtun residing areas know various tradition clothes sewing and embroidery which is famous as Afghani clothes.
Rugs, gloves, socks, clothes and blankets and others are called Shalki, which is used in the province as well as exported to abroad. 
Women are very expert in embroidery in the province and design various clothes, shawls and others, the products did not find any international market, but are locally very famous.
Clay products are also one of the important industries of the provine and were part of the culture of the province since King Mahmood Ghaznawee.
The use of leather is also a key part of the culture of Ghanzi people and there are professional who sew various clothes from the skin of animals.
Ghazni is very cold during the winter, that is why most of the people, particularly elder people wear woolen clothes.
In the past people of Ghazni were famous in jewelry, however the industry is currently going downward.
There are many ironsmiths in the province which produce various items with high quality and is famous locally.
In the last thirty years the value of the industry has reduced in Ghazni province, however the handcraft has been improved in last couple of years and the handcraft produced by women in Ghazni has been delivered to the market.
Agriculture:
Around seventy per cent of the population is involved in agriculture. The province has vast irrigation and rain feed farming land. The majority of the land is irrigated through the dames and water streams, however there is Karez which also irrigate the farming land and is an important source of water.
In the areas which can not be irrigated by any other sources of the water, are being irrigated by Karez water. However unfortunately with the recent drought most of the Karez have dried up and the land are irrigate with tubewells.
The province has land and climate suitable for cultivation of various crops such as grapes, apricot, cherry, apples, almond, berry, peach, water melon, melon and others and grapes are the most important fruit of the province.
The province also has good grain and vegetable products such as wheat, beans, olive, potatoes, onions, carrots, leek, pumpkin, turnip, tomato, eggplant and others. 
 Sports:
Like in other provinces, there are various sports being played in the province, however some of the sports have been forgotten, but children still play many of these traditional sports.
There are many sports in Ghazni such as throwing, wrestling, stone throwing, volleyball, football, target hitting and many other local sports such as hiding, running with one leg and others. 
Some of these local traditional sports were played in villages and districts of the province, however with recent changes, many of these sports are not being played anymore.
In addition there are 31 sports federations in the province in which thousands of male and female sportsmen and sportswomen have the membership.
Ghazni is one of the most important and central provinces of Afghanistan. The province is second grade based on the statistics of Central Statistic Office (CSO) of Afghanistan for the density of population; the province has long and rich history. Ghazni is located in 33 degree, 33 min of north latitude and in 68 degree, 25 min of the east longitude.
Ghazni city is located 145 km south from Kabul city on Kabul-Kandahar highway. Maidan Wardak and Bamyan provinces are in the north of the province while Paktia, Paktyka and Logar provinces are in the east, Zabul is in the south while Urozgan and Zabul provinces are  bordering the province in the west.
The province total land is 32797 km square and in accordance of the 1978 census the total population was 701000 persons, and in 1999 census the population was 770684 and in the survey of 2000 the population was 965572 people.
The winter is cold in Ghazni while summer is warm, the lowest degree in the winter goes under minus 20 to 30, The Nawar area is the coldest area in which the temperature does not get over +20 degree.
188 days in the year, the weather is warm, while from October 12 to April 18 the temperature is cold and rainy. The average annual rain is 2296 mm and the province is located 1800 meter from sea.